RMS Titanic was a British Olympic-class ocean liner, the largest one built in her day. She and her sisters were designed to provide a three-ship weekly express service and dominate the transatlantic travel business for the White Star Line. Along with sister ship Olympic, Titanic was introduced to the world in a New York Times article on April 23, 1908. The first class passengers for her maiden voyage included some of the richest and most prominent people in the world. She struck an iceberg on April 14, 1912, and sank almost three hours later on April 15.

Built at the Harland and Wolff shipyard in Belfast, Ireland, the White Star Line designed Titanic to compete with rival company Cunard Line's luxury ships. Construction began on March 31, 1909 and was funded by J.P. Morgan and his International Mercantile Marine Co. Titanic was 882 feet 6 inches long, weighed 46,328 registered tons, and could carry a total of 3,547 passengers and crew. Because she carried mail, her name was given the prefix RMS (Royal Mail Steamer), as well as SS (Steam Ship).

Titanic surpassed all her rivals in terms of luxury and affluence. She offered 28 fully decorated first class suites, a heated swimming pool, four electric elevators, an indoor squash court, two libraries, four restaurants, a fully equipped gymnasium and an operating room. The first class common rooms were adorned with elaborate wood paneling and expensive furniture. Titanic was also technologically advanced for her time. She had an extensive electrical subsystem with steam-powered generators and ship-wide electrical wiring feeding electric lights. She was also equipped with two wireless Marconi sets which allowed constant contact and the transmission of many passenger messages.

On the night of April 14, 1912, Titanic struck an iceberg during her maiden voyage and sank two hours and forty minutes later on the morning of April 15. The United States Senate investigation reported that 1,517 perished, while the British investigation count was 1,490. Regardless, the incident ranks as one of the worst peacetime maritime disasters in history and is by far the best known.

In 1985, the wreck was discovered by oceanographer Robert Ballard and his crew, and Jean-Louis Michel of Frech oceanographic institution IFREMER. They discovered that the ship had broken in two. It was theorized that as Titanic sank, the stern rose out of the water and caused her to break into two pieces, the split starting at the upper deck. This became the commonly accepted theory. The sinking would influence later maritime practices, ship design and seafaring culture.

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